See Bug on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_text": "From the Slavic hydronym *bugъ /*buga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "the Bug",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Buh",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"def": "1"
},
"expansion": "the Bug",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Belarus",
"orig": "en:Places in Belarus",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Poland",
"orig": "en:Places in Poland",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Ukraine",
"orig": "en:Places in Ukraine",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Belarus",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Belarus",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Poland",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Poland",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Ukraine",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Ukraine",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "72 18 8 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 4 2 3 3 2 15 1 1 2 5 16 25 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Marathi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 13 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Automobiles",
"orig": "en:Automobiles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 15 5 7",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Belarus",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Belarus",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "57 21 11 11",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Europe",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Europe",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 19 8 11",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Poland",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Poland",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An East European river which flows northwest 450 miles through Belarus, Poland and Ukraine into the Baltic Sea. (Western Bug)."
],
"id": "en-Bug-en-name-fviir2e1",
"links": [
[
"East European",
"East European"
],
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"flow",
"flow"
],
[
"northwest",
"northwest"
],
[
"mile",
"mile"
],
[
"Belarus",
"Belarus#English"
],
[
"Poland",
"Poland#English"
],
[
"Ukraine",
"Ukraine#English"
],
[
"Baltic Sea",
"Baltic Sea"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "hy",
"english": "Bug",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"sense": "river between Belarus and Poland",
"translation": "Bug",
"word": "Բուգ"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"lang_code": "cmn",
"sense": "river between Belarus and Poland",
"word": "布格河"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"lang_code": "mr",
"roman": "bug",
"sense": "river between Belarus and Poland",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "बुग"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "river between Belarus and Poland",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bug"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "ru",
"english": "Bug",
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"sense": "river between Belarus and Poland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translation": "Bug",
"word": "Буг"
},
{
"_dis1": "89 11",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"lang_code": "uk",
"roman": "Buh",
"sense": "river between Belarus and Poland",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Буг"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in Ukraine",
"orig": "en:Places in Ukraine",
"parents": [
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Rivers in Ukraine",
"orig": "en:Rivers in Ukraine",
"parents": [
"Rivers",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 13 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Automobiles",
"orig": "en:Automobiles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "39 61",
"word": "Southern Bug"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A river in Ukraine (Southern Bug), flowing 530 miles to the Dnieper estuary."
],
"id": "en-Bug-en-name-T043tR3b",
"links": [
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"Ukraine",
"Ukraine#English"
],
[
"Dnieper",
"Dnieper"
],
[
"estuary",
"estuary"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-Bug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/En-au-Bug.ogg/En-au-Bug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/En-au-Bug.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Bug (plural Bugs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "American English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 13 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Automobiles",
"orig": "en:Automobiles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Volkswagen Beetle car."
],
"id": "en-Bug-en-noun-gD8FHods",
"links": [
[
"car",
"car"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(US, slang) A Volkswagen Beetle car."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Beetle"
}
],
"tags": [
"US",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-Bug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/En-au-Bug.ogg/En-au-Bug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/En-au-Bug.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Bug (plural Bugs)",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 13 34 37",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Automobiles",
"orig": "en:Automobiles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A Bugatti car."
],
"id": "en-Bug-en-noun-herYTjiz",
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) A Bugatti car."
],
"tags": [
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "En-au-Bug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/En-au-Bug.ogg/En-au-Bug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/En-au-Bug.ogg"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gebüge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "Schuss vor den Bug"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "buoc",
"4": "",
"5": "animal shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buoc (“animal shoulder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "buog",
"4": "",
"5": "animal shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Old High German buog (“animal shoulder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bōgu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bōgu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
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"t": "arm; shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōguz (“arm; shoulder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "bôch",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Middle Low German bôch",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "osx",
"3": "bōg"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon bōg",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German buoc (“animal shoulder”), from Old High German buog (“animal shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōgu, from Proto-Germanic *bōguz (“arm; shoulder”). More at bough.\nThe common contemporary meaning “bow” (early 17th c.) is a semantic loan from Middle Low German bôch, from Old Saxon bōg, from the same Germanic noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Buges",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Buges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bügen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,e:^e"
},
"expansion": "Bug m (strong, genitive Buges or Bugs, plural Buge or Büge)",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,e:^e"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
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],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "Heck"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Aviation",
"orig": "de:Aviation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Nautical",
"orig": "de:Nautical",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bow, prow (of a ship), nose (of an aircraft)"
],
"id": "en-Bug-de-noun-2pye1gcA",
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"nose",
"nose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, aviation) bow, prow (of a ship), nose (of an aircraft)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"nautical",
"physical-sciences",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "de:Hunting",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Veterinary medicine",
"orig": "de:Veterinary medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "20 4 2 3 3 2 15 1 1 2 5 16 25 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 11 39 7 5 8 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shoulder joint (of an animal)"
],
"id": "en-Bug-de-noun-r1agfTwZ",
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"veterinary medicine",
"veterinary medicine"
],
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting, veterinary medicine) shoulder joint (of an animal)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"sciences",
"veterinary",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "de",
"name": "Carpentry",
"orig": "de:Carpentry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"joist, joint"
],
"id": "en-Bug-de-noun-bhQt8ds9",
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"joist",
"joist"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) joist, joint"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buːk/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-Bug.ogg",
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},
{
"ipa": "/buːx/",
"note": "northern and central Germany, becoming rare for this word"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːx"
},
{
"homophone": "buk (standard)"
},
{
"homophone": "Buch (regional)"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puk"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puk"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "buoc"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buoc",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German buoc, deverbal from biegen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Buges",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
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},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
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},
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"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Buges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bügen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,^e"
},
"expansion": "Bug m (strong, genitive Buges or Bugs, plural Büge)",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,^e"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
31
]
],
"ref": "1930, Otto Zarek, Begierde – Roman einer Weltstadtjugend, Paul Zsolnay, page 107:",
"text": "Das Mädchen blickte sich im Bug der dunklen Straße noch einmal um; [...].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of Biegung (“curve, place or way of bending”)"
],
"id": "en-Bug-de-noun-RTHrlTDY",
"links": [
[
"Biegung",
"Biegung#German"
]
],
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[
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[
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"German terms derived from Old High German",
"German terms derived from Old Saxon",
"German terms derived from Polish",
"German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms derived from Russian",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"German terms inherited from Old High German",
"German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"German terms with homophones",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:German/uːk",
"Rhymes:German/uːk/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:German/uːx"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gebüge"
},
{
"word": "Schuss vor den Bug"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "buoc",
"4": "",
"5": "animal shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buoc (“animal shoulder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "goh",
"3": "buog",
"4": "",
"5": "animal shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Old High German buog (“animal shoulder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*bōgu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *bōgu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bōguz",
"t": "arm; shoulder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bōguz (“arm; shoulder”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gml",
"3": "bôch",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "semantic loan from Middle Low German bôch",
"name": "semantic loan"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "osx",
"3": "bōg"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon bōg",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German buoc (“animal shoulder”), from Old High German buog (“animal shoulder”), from Proto-West Germanic *bōgu, from Proto-Germanic *bōguz (“arm; shoulder”). More at bough.\nThe common contemporary meaning “bow” (early 17th c.) is a semantic loan from Middle Low German bôch, from Old Saxon bōg, from the same Germanic noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Buges",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Buges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bügen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,e:^e"
},
"expansion": "Bug m (strong, genitive Buges or Bugs, plural Buge or Büge)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,e:^e"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "Heck"
}
],
"categories": [
"de:Aviation",
"de:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"bow, prow (of a ship), nose (of an aircraft)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"aviation",
"aviation"
],
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"prow",
"prow"
],
[
"nose",
"nose"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical, aviation) bow, prow (of a ship), nose (of an aircraft)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"aeronautics",
"aerospace",
"aviation",
"business",
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"nautical",
"physical-sciences",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"de:Hunting",
"de:Veterinary medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"shoulder joint (of an animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"veterinary medicine",
"veterinary medicine"
],
[
"shoulder",
"shoulder"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(hunting, veterinary medicine) shoulder joint (of an animal)"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle",
"medicine",
"natural-sciences",
"pathology",
"sciences",
"veterinary",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"de:Carpentry"
],
"glosses": [
"joist, joint"
],
"links": [
[
"carpentry",
"carpentry"
],
[
"joist",
"joist"
],
[
"joint",
"joint"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(carpentry) joist, joint"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"carpentry",
"construction",
"manufacturing"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buːk/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
},
{
"audio": "De-Bug.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/De-Bug.ogg/De-Bug.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/De-Bug.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/buːx/",
"note": "northern and central Germany, becoming rare for this word"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːk"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːx"
},
{
"homophone": "buk (standard)"
},
{
"homophone": "Buch (regional)"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from Polish",
"German terms borrowed from Russian",
"German terms derived from Middle High German",
"German terms derived from Polish",
"German terms derived from Russian",
"German terms inherited from Middle High German",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puk"
},
{
"lang": "Slovak",
"lang_code": "sk",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "puk"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "buoc"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German buoc",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle High German buoc, deverbal from biegen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Buges",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Buges",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bügen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Büge",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,^e"
},
"expansion": "Bug m (strong, genitive Buges or Bugs, plural Büge)",
"name": "de-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,(e)s,^e"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German dated terms",
"German terms with quotations",
"German terms with rare senses",
"Requests for translations of German quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
31
]
],
"ref": "1930, Otto Zarek, Begierde – Roman einer Weltstadtjugend, Paul Zsolnay, page 107:",
"text": "Das Mädchen blickte sich im Bug der dunklen Straße noch einmal um; [...].",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of Biegung (“curve, place or way of bending”)"
],
"links": [
[
"Biegung",
"Biegung#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, rare) synonym of Biegung (“curve, place or way of bending”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "curve, place or way of bending",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Biegung"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"masculine",
"rare",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German dialectal terms",
"German terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"crease"
],
"links": [
[
"crease",
"crease"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete or dialectal) crease"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"strong"
]
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from English",
"German terms borrowed from Polish",
"German terms borrowed from Russian",
"German terms derived from English",
"German terms derived from Polish",
"German terms derived from Russian",
"German terms with homophones",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "en",
"3": "bug"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English bug",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English bug.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "de-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,,s"
},
"expansion": "Bug m (strong, genitive Bugs, plural Bugs)",
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}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,,s"
},
"name": "de-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"de:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"bug"
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"bug",
"bug"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) bug"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Fehler"
},
{
"word": "Programmierfehler"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"strong"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bak/"
},
{
"audio": "De-Bug2.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/21/De-Bug2.ogg/De-Bug2.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/De-Bug2.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "back"
},
{
"homophone": "Back"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German masculine nouns",
"German proper nouns",
"German terms borrowed from Polish",
"German terms borrowed from Russian",
"German terms derived from Polish",
"German terms derived from Russian",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "pl",
"3": "Bug"
},
"expansion": "Polish Bug",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "ru",
"3": "Буг"
},
"expansion": "Russian Буг (Bug)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Polish Bug and Russian Буг (Bug).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "der Bug",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "des Bugs",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "des Bug",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m,s:-.article"
},
"expansion": "der Bug m (proper noun, strong, usually definite, definite genitive des Bugs or des Bug)",
"name": "de-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Bug (rivers in Eastern Europe)"
],
"links": [
[
"Bug",
"#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"proper-noun",
"strong",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/buːk/"
},
{
"ipa": "/bʊk/"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"categories": [
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"Pages with entries"
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "pdt",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Bug f",
"name": "head"
}
],
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"lang_code": "pdt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Plautdietsch 1-syllable words",
"Plautdietsch entries with incorrect language header",
"Plautdietsch feminine nouns",
"Plautdietsch lemmas",
"Plautdietsch nouns",
"pdt:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"bow, prow (of a ship)"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"prow",
"prow"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) bow, prow (of a ship)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish proper noun forms",
"Polish proper nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms derived from Gothic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "d",
"3": "D"
},
"expansion": "D",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "derived terms",
"2": "Derived"
},
"expansion": "Derived",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "got",
"3": "𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (biugan)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "got",
"3": "𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Derived from Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (biugan)",
"name": "der+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "Буг"
},
"expansion": "Russian Буг (Bug)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "biga",
"3": "Boh"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of biga and Boh",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Derived from Gothic 𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌲𐌰𐌽 (biugan). Compare Russian Буг (Bug). Doublet of biga and Boh.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bużański",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Buga",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "Bugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "bużański"
},
"expansion": "Bug m inan (related adjective bużański)",
"name": "pl-prop"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Bug"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Bug"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"gens": "Bugu/Buga",
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Places in Belarus",
"pl:Places in Poland",
"pl:Places in Ukraine",
"pl:Rivers in Belarus",
"pl:Rivers in Poland",
"pl:Rivers in Ukraine"
],
"glosses": [
"Bug, Western Bug (a river in Belarus, Poland and Ukraine)"
],
"links": [
[
"Bug",
"Bug#English"
],
[
"Western Bug",
"Western Bug#English"
],
[
"river",
"river"
],
[
"Belarus",
"Belarus#English"
],
[
"Poland",
"Poland#English"
],
[
"Ukraine",
"Ukraine#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbuk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "Bóg"
},
{
"homophone": "bóg"
},
{
"homophone": "buk"
},
{
"homophone": "Buk"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish proper noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "proper noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Bug f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"Bug"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"Bug"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "Buga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of Buga"
],
"links": [
[
"Buga",
"Buga#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbuk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "Bóg"
},
{
"homophone": "bóg"
},
{
"homophone": "buk"
},
{
"homophone": "Buk"
}
],
"word": "Bug"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Bug meaning in All languages combined (22.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-11 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.